What Is A Short Leg?
A short leg, or anatomical leg length inequality (LLI), occurs when the actual bony length of one lower limb differs from the other—typically due to variations in the femur or tibia length. While a difference of up to 3 mm is considered normal, studies show that even a 5 mm discrepancy can significantly increase the likelihood of low back pain, postural imbalances, and joint strain.
For adults, a true short leg cannot be corrected without surgery, but it can often be effectively compensated for with a precisely calculated shoe lift, helping restore balance and reduce discomfort. In children, however, early intervention can naturally support correction, especially before age 11 in girls and 13 in boys. With the right chiropractic care and treatment protocols, leg length discrepancies can improve at an average rate of 1 mm per month, with some cases achieving significant correction beyond the expected age range.
It’s important to distinguish between true anatomical leg length differences, which require specialized x-ray measurements, and functional discrepancies caused by muscle imbalances or spinal misalignment. While functional short leg cases can often be corrected through chiropractic adjustments and postural alignment, a true bony length difference requires a more strategic approach to compensation and management.
Problems Caused By A Short Leg
Leg length inequality can be a major contributor to chronic pain, particularly in the lower back, hips, knees, and legs. Research has shown that individuals with a 5mm or greater discrepancy are significantly more likely to experience chronic low back pain, as uneven weight distribution places added stress on the spine and surrounding joints.
A longer leg naturally bears more weight and absorbs more impact during walking, running, and everyday movement, leading to increased strain and joint wear over time. Studies have also linked long-term leg length inequality to an increased risk of hip joint arthritis, as imbalances cause excess stress on cartilage and connective tissues.
Given these risks, healthcare specialists recommend that anyone experiencing chronic lower back, hip, knee, or leg pain undergo a comprehensive assessment to determine whether leg length discrepancy is a contributing factor. Identifying and addressing these imbalances early can lead to more effective pain management and improved mobility.
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